The way of understanding and practicing equality is critical in the balance of human ecology. In his satire of communist states, Animal Farm, George Orwell makes famous the idea that “all are equal, but some are more equal than others” to highlight the hypocrisy of the privileges of the communist ruling class. In many societies there is the reverse case of groups that for ethnic or other reasons, are marginalized, considered “less equal than others.”
In human history, many groups have discriminated against others supposedly inferior. Black slaves, immigrants, Indians, Jews, according to time and place, and many others have suffered these injustices. The infamous South African Apartheid is still of recent memory. In Peru, racism is a cancer rooted in our culture that sabotages social unity and harmony. A society that discriminates poisons and damages those who commit and those who suffer injustice, being that the responsibility is of the first. Wilkinson in a recent study shows that more equal societies –understood as smaller economic gap between the rich and the poor- tend to higher rates of happiness and wellbeing.
Tocqueville and Chesterton valued that the U.S. was founded on a creed: that all men are equal, with inalienable rights granted by the Creator. This has not always been fulfilled. Besides slavery and its sequels of discrimination, the doctrine of manifest destiny and exceptionalism, since the 19th century, made it feel with the right to occupy all of North America. Native Americans were displaced over and over again, suffering injustice from law, abuse and neglect. In spite of their claims and noble and heroic gestures of resistance, the government subordinated their rights to political and economic interests of its other citizens. It is with great efforts of organization and self- determination that they are achieving a social inclusion that respects their identity.
Equality before the law and equal opportunities are essential but not enough. The equality that gives basis for a stable and harmonious society is one that recognizes in each human being a unique person, with dignity and bearer of values and inalienable rights granted by the Creator. Values and rights that no one, especially the state, may violate or disregard.
